Comprehensive Guide to CBD for Anxiety Treatment

With the rise in mental health issues, many people report success with natural alternatives to traditional pharmaceuticals like cannabidiol (CBD) for anxiety. CBD, has gained popularity due to its potential to alleviate anxiety without the intoxicating effects of THC. While the research is still evolving, early findings and anecdotal reports suggest CBD is an effective tool for anxiety relief. Below, we review the current state of the Science behind use of CBD to alleviate anxiety. We look at its claimed benefits, how it works, safety considerations, and how to use it effectively.

How CBD Interacts with the Body to Relieve Anxiety

CBD interacts with endocannabinoid system (ECS), a network that helps regulate mood, stress, sleep, and appetite. The ECS includes receptors (CB1 and CB2) located throughout the brain and nervous system. Unlike THC, which binds directly to CB1 receptors, CBD influences these receptors indirectly. More significantly, CBD appears to interact with serotonin receptors, which are key to mood regulation and anxiety control.

Research suggests that CBD enhances the effect of serotonin. This produces a calming effect that helps reduces anxiety and promote relaxation. Some studies indicate that CBD may also help regulate the brain’s stress response, potentially providing relief for conditions like generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). For an overview of the interaction with the Cannibanoid system of CBD and of THC see this video from Dr Amber Wise.

Scientific Evidence Supporting CBD for Anxiety

The therapeutic potential of CBD for anxiety is a subject of multiple studies. A 2015 review from Neurotherapeutics examined preclinical and clinical evidence, concluding that CBD showed promise for treating a range of anxiety disorders. The review emphasized that CBD had anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects in animal models, and preliminary human studies mirrored these findings.

For example:

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Research has shown that CBD may help alleviate the symptoms of GAD by affecting serotonin levels. A small clinical trial found that participants with GAD experience significant reductions in anxiety symptoms after using CBD.
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD): Another study demonstrated that individuals with SAD who were administered CBD before a public speaking task exhibited lower anxiety levels compared to those who took a placebo. Participants reported feeling more comfortable and less self-conscious during the performance.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Some studies suggest that CBD can help manage PTSD symptoms, including nightmares and flashbacks, possibly by impacting how the brain processes traumatic memories.

While these findings are promising, experts stress that more research, particularly large-scale clinical trials, is needed to determine optimal dosages and long-term effects of CBD on anxiety.

Forms of CBD and How to Use Them

CBD can be consumed in various forms, and each has different onset times and durations:

Oils and Tinctures: One of the most popular forms, CBD oil, can be administered sublingually (under the tongue). This method allows for quick absorption into the bloodstream, providing fast relief. It’s ideal for those needing immediate anxiety relief.
Capsules and Edibles: CBD in capsule or edible form is easy to consume and provides a more controlled dosage. However, the effects may take longer (30 minutes to 2 hours) to set in, as the CBD has to pass through the digestive system.
Vapes and Inhalers: Vaping allows CBD to enter the bloodstream rapidly, leading to quicker relief. However, vaping has its risks, and some users may not find it suitable for regular use.
Topicals: These are less common for anxiety but can be useful for localized pain or muscle tension that might accompany stress.

Potential Benefits of CBD for Anxiety

The benefits of using CBD for anxiety go beyond symptom relief:

Non-Psychoactive: Unlike THC, CBD does not cause a “high,” making it a safer option for those who need to manage anxiety during the day without impairing their ability to function.
Minimal Side Effects: Generally, CBD is well-tolerated, and side effects are mild. Common side effects include drowsiness, dry mouth, and changes in appetite. However, these effects are less severe compared to those of traditional anxiety medications, such as benzodiazepines.
Potential Reduction in Anxiety Medication Use: Some users report a decrease in the need for prescription medications after starting CBD. This reduction could lead to fewer side effects associated with pharmaceuticals, such as dependence and withdrawal symptoms.

Safety Considerations and Side Effects

While CBD is generally considered safe, there are still some risks and important considerations:

Drug Interactions: CBD can interfere with the metabolism of certain medications, such as blood thinners, antidepressants, and antiepileptic drugs. This interaction can lead to higher levels of these drugs in the system, potentially increasing the risk of side effects.
Quality and Purity Concerns: The lack of FDA regulation means that not all CBD products are created equal. Some may contain contaminants or varying levels of CBD and THC, which can lead to unintended effects. It’s essential to choose products that are third-party tested for quality and safety.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The effects of CBD on pregnant or breastfeeding women are not well understood, and experts advise against its use during these periods due to potential risks to fetal development.

Dosage Guidelines

Establishing the correct dosage for CBD is crucial but can be challenging. Factors like body weight, metabolism, and the severity of anxiety symptoms all play a role. Clinical trials have experimented with doses ranging from 100 mg to 800 mg per day. However, a common approach is to start with a low dose (e.g., 10–20 mg per day) and gradually increase it until the desired effects are achieved.

Conclusion

CBD shows potential as a natural treatment for anxiety, but approach it with care. Studies shot it can help manage symptoms of various anxiety disorders. However, more research is needed to confirm these benefits and determine effective long-term use. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting CBD, especially if you are on other medications or have health conditions. Proper usage, combined with awareness of risks and benefits, can help maximize the positive effects of CBD while minimizing potential side effects.

Sources

https://www.webmd.com/diet/health-benefits-cbd

https://www.webmd.com/cannabinoids/cbd-safety-tips-side-effects